docs: Improve login/tryout docs
- Add a preface about the base image not having cloud-init - Migrate the Anaconda example code here and make it first
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Colin Walters
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text
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# Basic partitioning
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clearpart --all --initlabel --disklabel=gpt
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part prepboot --size=4 --fstype=prepboot
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part biosboot --size=1 --fstype=biosboot
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part /boot/efi --size=100 --fstype=efi
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part /boot --size=1000 --fstype=ext4 --label=boot
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part / --grow --fstype xfs
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ostreecontainer --url quay.io/centos-boot/fedora-tier-1:eln --no-signature-verification
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firewall --disabled
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services --enabled=sshd
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# Only inject a SSH key for root
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rootpw --iscrypted locked
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# Add your example SSH key here!
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#sshkey --username root "ssh-ed25519 <key> demo@example.com"
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reboot
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# ONLY SCROLL PAST HERE TO SEE THE TEMPORARY UGLY HACKS
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# Install via bootupd - TODO change anaconda to auto-detect this
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bootloader --location=none --disabled
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%post
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# Work around anaconda wanting a root password
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passwd -l root
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/usr/bin/bootupctl backend install --device /dev/vda /
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mkdir -p /boot/grub2
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# Work around https://github.com/coreos/bootupd/pull/536 not being merged yet
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base64 -d >/boot/grub2/grub.cfg << EOF
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EOF
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%end
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@ -4,6 +4,67 @@
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nav_order: 2
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---
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## Operating system state (users, ssh keys)
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It's absolutely crucial to understand that the container image *is* the
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operating system content. Notably the default `tier-1` image
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[does not include cloud-init](cloud-agents.md) or Ignition or any default
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recommended mechanism for provisioning user accountson its own.
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Commonly then you will want to build your own container image derived from e.g.
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`quay.io/centos-boot/fedora-tier-1:eln` that adds a login mechanism. For
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example, you could
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[add cloud-init](https://gitlab.com/CentOS/cloud/sagano-examples/-/blob/main/cloud-init-base/Containerfile).
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However, it's also possible to embed SSH login configuration in the image, or
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configure any login mechanism you desire in general! For example, you could set
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up a VPN configuration in your operating system and ensure logins are only
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possible over the VPN, etc.
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## Installation using Anaconda
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Tools like
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[Anaconda](https://anaconda-installer.readthedocs.io/en/latest/intro.html)
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support injecting configuration at image installation time, such as SSH keys and
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passwords. This means that in contrast to what was said just before, it's
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possible to directly install (and update from) an "unconfigured base image"
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provided by this project.
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This hinges on the
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[ostreecontainer](https://pykickstart.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kickstart-docs.html#ostreecontainer)
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kickstart verb, which is new in Fedora 38; for example, there is a
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[netinst.iso](https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/39/Everything/x86_64/iso/)
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which can be scripted with kickstart. Because a current development target for
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this project is [Fedora ELN](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/eln/), it's
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also supported to use the ISO generated by that project.
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See [example.ks](example.ks) for an example Kickstart file. The
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[virt-install --initrd-inject](https://github.com/virt-manager/virt-manager/blob/main/man/virt-install.rst#--initrd-inject)
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helps inject kickstart for installation to virtual machines.
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## Using `bootc install-to-filesystem --replace=alongside` with a cloud image
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A toplevel goal of this project is that the "source of truth" for Linux
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operating system management is a container image registry - as opposed to e.g. a
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set of qcow2 OpenStack images or AMIs, etc. You should not need to maintain
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infrastructure to e.g. manage garbage collection or versioning of cloud (IaaS)
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VM images.
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The latest releases of `bootc` have support for
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`bootc install-to-filesystem --replace=alongside`. More about this core mechanic
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in the
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[bootc install docs](https://github.com/containers/bootc/blob/main/docs/install.md).
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Here's an example set of steps to execute; this could be done via e.g.
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[cloud-init](https://cloudinit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/index.html)
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configuration.
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```shell
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dnf -y install podman skopeo
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podman run --rm --privileged --pid=host -v /:/target --security-opt label=type:unconfined_t <yourimage> bootc install-to-filesystem --target-no-signature-verification --karg=console=ttyS0,115200n8 --replace=alongside /target
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reboot
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```
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<!--
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## Booting directly from KVM guest image
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@ -31,41 +92,6 @@ rpm-ostree rebase ostree-unverified-registry:quay.io/centos-boot/fedora-tier-1:e
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systemctl reboot
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```
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See also [this pull request][1] for more information.
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## TODO: Use osbuild
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Document the ongoing work to materialize a disk image from a container.
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## Using `bootc install-to-filesystem --replace=alongside` with a cloud image
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A toplevel goal of this project is that the "source of truth" for Linux
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operating system management is a container image registry - as opposed to e.g. a
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set of qcow2 OpenStack images or AMIs, etc.
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The latest development builds of `bootc` have support for
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`bootc install-to-filesystem --replace=alongside`. More about this core
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mechanic in the [bootc install docs](https://github.com/containers/bootc/blob/main/docs/install.md).
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Here's an example set of steps to execute; this could be done via e.g.
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[cloud-init](https://cloudinit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/index.html)
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configuration.
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```shell
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dnf -y install podman skopeo
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podman run --rm --privileged --pid=host -v /:/target --security-opt label=type:unconfined_t quay.io/centos-boot/fedora-tier-1:eln bootc install-to-filesystem --target-no-signature-verification --karg=console=ttyS0,115200n8 --replace=alongside /target
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reboot
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```
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## Generating a derived container image
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These examples just use a "stock" container image, and in the first case rely on
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user state being preserved by the `rpm-ostree rebase`.
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What's much more interesting is to generate a custom derived container image,
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and target that instead. For more information, see
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- <https://github.com/coreos/layering-examples>
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- <https://github.com/openshift/rhcos-image-layering-examples>
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[1]: https://github.com/coreos/fedora-coreos-docs/pull/540
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