|
|
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
title: "Rust: powf is slow"
|
|
|
|
|
author: "James Pace"
|
|
|
|
|
date: "2024/01/18"
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I'm currently working on my motion planner on a microcontroller project and
|
|
|
|
|
was looking at switching from [libm][libm] to [micromath][micromath] as the
|
|
|
|
|
library I use for standard math operations.
|
|
|
|
|
For context, in Rust, normal math operations (like absolute value and square
|
|
|
|
|
root for floats) are provided as part of the standard library (called `std`).
|
|
|
|
|
The standard library is not available in environments that don't have a backing
|
|
|
|
|
operating system.
|
|
|
|
|
Crates than run in those environments thus can't use `std`, which is called being
|
|
|
|
|
`no_std`.
|
|
|
|
|
A lot of functions that are in `std` are actually in two other crates, `core` or `alloc`
|
|
|
|
|
which can be used in `no_std` environments.
|
|
|
|
|
The normal math functions aren't one of them, and therefore a different library has to be
|
|
|
|
|
used.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
My intitial implementation of the planner used `libm` (largely because I found it first),
|
|
|
|
|
and when I later found `micromath` I wanted to do some profiling comparisons to see which
|
|
|
|
|
one was faster.
|
|
|
|
|
I'm going to make a separate blog post with statistics from the profiling, but I wanted to
|
|
|
|
|
write a quick article today talking about `powf`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
One of the operations my planner does a lot is find the distance between two things.
|
|
|
|
|
My initial implementation did something like
|
|
|
|
|
```rust
|
|
|
|
|
fn distance(point1: &Point, point2: &Point) -> f32 {
|
|
|
|
|
let squared_dist = powf((point2.x - point1.x), 2.0) + powf((point2.y - point1.y), 2.0);
|
|
|
|
|
sqrt(squared_dist)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
which works fine.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When I was profiling I switched to:
|
|
|
|
|
```rust
|
|
|
|
|
fn distance(point1: &Point, point2: &Point) -> f32 {
|
|
|
|
|
let squared_dist = powf((point2.x - point1.x), 2.0) + powf((point2.y - point1.y), 2.0);
|
|
|
|
|
sqrt(squared_dist)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
which was noticeably faster for both `libm` and `micromath` particularly on the `microbit`
|
|
|
|
|
that I was using for profiling.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Does this replicate for `std::powf`?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Not when building with `--release`. [^release-rant]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## How much faster?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[^release-rant]: As an aside, I think I'm going to switch to using `--release` when building rust code
|
|
|
|
|
all the time. The optimizations help a ton, to the extent I would never "use" software
|
|
|
|
|
not built with `--release` and extrapolating performance, even experientially, from
|
|
|
|
|
binaries built with the `dev` profile is just not transferrable at all.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[libm]: https://github.com/rust-lang/libm
|
|
|
|
|
[micromath]: https://github.com/tarcieri/micromath
|